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15 / Sep 2022

Kalicharan Pattanayak

Kalicharan Pattanayak was born in 1898,. His ranks high among the modern dramatists of odisha. A noted musician and a master of stage craft, Pattanayak dominated the odia stage for decades and made substantial contribution to it, both by writing plays in odia and by successully staging them. Kalicharan Pattanayak drew profusely on the patriotic themes of ancient odisha’s military valour and maritime activities as well as on the cult of Lord Jagannath. The influence of the theatrical performances of the rural folk popularly known as ‘jatra’ is easily seen in his plays. At a young age he staged Savitri, the success of which encouraged him to stage another dramatic work, Parsuramvijaya.

Ahuti, Pratishodh and Girl’s school are three of his early works. These plays were staged and the female
roles were played by girls he had picked up. All these efforts of his early dramatic career came to fruition
when he founded the odisha Theatre in 1939 in Cuttack.

His Girl’s school was staged by the odisha Theatre in 1942 successfully and stirred the theatre loving people of odisha. One of his most important plays is Bhat with the theme of drought and famine in the life of the villages in odisha. His other famous plays are Chakri (mythological), Atibadi Jagamath Das (biographical), Abhijan (historical), Jayadeva (biographical), Chumban, Raktamati (social), Das-bhuja (puranic), Phata-bhuin (social) and Rakta mandar (historical). His social plays were concerned with both urban and rural middle class life of odisha.

He was instrumental in the expansion of the odia stage. As a trainer and writer of drama, poetry and oneact plays, Kalicharan Pattanayak surpassed his contemporaries in output and dramatic appeal. His plays are remarkable for their enchanting lyrics.

Odia Books By Kalicharan Pattanayak

Dance Drama
Kalanka Bhanjana (କଳଙ୍କ ଭଞ୍ଜନ)
Daridrya Bhanjana (ଦାରିଦ୍ର୍ୟ ଭଞ୍ଜନ)
Milana Madhuri (ମିଳନ ମାଧୁରୀ)
Shree Radha(ଶ୍ରୀ ରାଧା)
Banshurira Bilapa(ବାଂସୁରୀର ବିଳାପ)
Shree Geeta Gobinda(ଶ୍ରୀ ଗୀତ ଗୋବିନ୍ଦ)
Preeti Sudhakara(ପ୍ରୀତି ସୁଧାକର)
Laxmi(ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମୀ)
Koutuka Chintamani(କୌତୁକ ଚିନ୍ତାମଣୀ)
Kishore Chandrananda Champu(କିଶୋର ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରାନନ୍ଦ ଚମ୍ପୂ)
Manini(ମାନିନୀ)
Akhira Dekha(ଆଖିର ଦେଖା)
Dehi Padapallaba mudaram(ଦେହି ପଦପଲ୍ଲବ ମୁଦାରଂ)
Kumbharachaka
Mythological Drama
Dhrub(ଧ୍ରୁବ)
Mrigaya(ମୃଗୟା)
Bana Bihara(ବନ ବିହାର)
Bidyabali(ବିଦ୍ୟାବଳୀ)
Shakuntala(ଶକୁନ୍ତଳା)
Harischandta(ହରିଶ୍ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର)
Chakri(ଚକ୍ରୀ)
Dashabhuja(ଦଶଭୂଜା)
Historical Drama
Abhijana(ଅଭିଯାନ)
Malati(ମାଳତୀ)
Rakta Mandara(ରକ୍ତ ମନ୍ଦାର)
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14 / Aug 2022

Nandadasa

Nandadasa was a great devotee of the Pancha-sakha tradition. Nothing is known about his birth place, But he can be placed after Balarama Dasa and Dvaraka Dasa as they have been frequently referred to in his writings. His book Anakara samhita not only vididly describes ‘brahmajnana’ or the ‘nirguna brahma upasana’ but also recounts the life story of certain reputed poets of Orissa like Balarama, Jagannatha, Achyutananda and Ananta. It is undoubtedly a major work in philosophy which deals with things like penance, sacrifice, idolatry, belief in spirits and priesthood.

In introducing himself the poet tells us that he was born in the Tretaya Age when he accompanied Rama to Lanka. He also mentions his association with Srikrishna in Dvaraka in the Dvapara Age. He further states that in his previous life he was also Sarala Dasa, Balarama Dasa and Achyuta Dasa. In the seventh chapter of his Anakara samhita he indicates his own name.

Suryanarayana Dasa in his book, History of Oriya Literature (Part-II), places him in the 18th century. He passed his days mostly in the worship of nirguna brahma and in the service of man. He. was very critical of the existing social customs and traditions. He had, therefore, to suffer a lot. He led a pious and saintly life.His book Anakara samhita has not yet been properly edited and many of his nirguna bhajanas still remain unpublished.

Odia Books By Nandadasa

Anakara Samhita
Brahmajnana
nirguna Brahma Upasana

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14 / Aug 2022

Pandit Gopinath Nanda

Pandit Gopinath Nanda was born in 1869,he was a great scholar of Sanskrit and Prakrit literatures, the first philologist, lexicographer and a pioneer of literary research in odia.Born at Manjusa (now in Adhra Pradesh) in a family of ‘raj vaidya’, traditional physicians who looked after the health of the royal house of Paralakemedi, he learnt Sanskrit at home. The profession of a physician did not attract him and he moved on to the realm of literature instead.

In his youth he became deaf which turned out to be a blessing in disguise as it enabled him to concentrate more on his studies and research. He was a profound scholar of Sanskrit, Telugu and odia. In 1910 he joined the Raj College at Paralakemedi as an odia pandit where he remained upto 1924. During this time he compiled three of his monumental works: Bhashatattwa,Shabda-tattwabodba abhidhan and Bbarat-darpan. As a philologist and grammarian, he opened new avenues for further research. In Shabda-tattwabodba abbidban he provided the meanings of words showing their origins with illustrative quotations from odia literature.

His Bharatdarpan is an authoritative treatise on the Dandi Mahabharata, the first famous odia epic. His observation on the various aspects of this work are still valid. He also attempted to write a treatise on the odia Dandi Ramayana and the Bhagabata, but could not complete them. He translated many classical works such as Maghadutam, Kumara-sambhabam, Bikramorbashiya, Janaki-parinaya, Chaurapanchashika, Uttar Ramcharita, Unatt Raghaba into odia. He also wrote short plays such as Mukundananda vana, Rasollasa and Radhamadhaba villasa. In most of his poems and translated works he used the sanskrit metre instead of the odia metre. The language of Pandit Nanda’s works is highly Sanskritised, gorgeous and complex.

FURTHER WORKS: Ramashwamedha, (1901), Sita Banabasa (1904), Peeyusadhara (Poem, 1904), Draupadi Bastraharana (1905), Billahaniya Kavya (1908), odia Bhasatattwa (1927), Kumarabijaya.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: K.B. Dash, Pandit Gopinath Nanda: Jeebani o jeeban (1977), Pathachaka
prabandhabali, (‘odia sahitya ku Gopinath Nandanka dana’).

Odia Books By Pandit Gopinath Nanda

Dandi Ramayana
Ramashwamedha
Peeyusadhara
Odia Bhasatattwa
Mukundananda vana
Rasollasa
Radhamadhaba villasa
Kumarabijaya

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14 / Aug 2022

Saratchandra Mukharjee

Saratchandra Mukharjee was born in 1902,he is one of the pioneers of the Sabuja Movement, got his
education at Revenshaw College and then graduated from Patna University. He was appointed Deputy
Collector and in 1950 he joined the Indian Administrative Service. As a student he wrote articles on different topics in the journals like Sahakar and Utkal Sahitya. He was one of the contributors to the novel, Basanti and the Sabuja kabita, a collection of poems. He was a zealous co-ordinator of the Sabuja Sahitya Samiti.

Though his poems are not remarkable they are still the product of a young ambitious mind having dreams of love and beauty. Pancha pushpa, a short story collection, Ramunja, a biography in story form, Arthika utkal,essays on odisha’s economy, Konarka, a short account of the world famous temple at Konark in English and Ajati, an incomplete novel are among his other works. Besides, he published a monthly journal called Pallimangala and edited odisha: Past and Present in collaboration with Pranakrishna Parija. His works were published under the auspices of the Sabuja Sahitya Samiti.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: Kalindicharan Panigrahi, Sabuja kabita (Cuttack, 1968).

Odia Books By Saratchandra Mukharjee

Basanti
Sabuja Kabita
Ramunja
Pancha Pushpa

Magazine

Pallimangala
Sahakar
Utkal Sahitya

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14 / Aug 2022

Kanhucharan Mohanty

Kanhucharan Mohanty was born in 1906. In sheer volume and popularity stands head and shoulder above the other novelists of modern times. He has written more than forty novels and about fifty short stories during the last five decades and is still actively engaged in writing.

His novel Ka (1956) received the Sahitya Akademi award in 1958. This book has been translated into
Hindi. His other masterpiece, Sasti, has also been translated into Hindi. and Bengali. Two of his novels Abhinetri (1947) and Ka have been filmed in Oriya. Many of his novels like Ha anna, (1935), Tunda baida(1944), Shasti (1946), Jhanja (1950), have been dramatized and staged. His most popular and outstanding novels are Ha anna, Baliraja (1931-32) Adekha hata (1943), Tunda baida, Shasti and Jhanja.

Kanhucharan was born at Sonepur, now in the district of Bolangir, where his father served under the
ruling chief. He graduated in 1929 from Ravenshaw College, Cuttack, and joined Government service in
1930. After retirement he worked as Secretary of the Orissa Sahitya Akademy for about a year and a half. He now lives at Rajabaicha in Cuttack.

He knows Bengali, Hindi and English. Most of his novels deal with love, the eternal triangle of love, and with devotion and sacrifice. He deals with contemporary issues such as social planning, revolt against feudalism, un-touchability, womanhood, famine, etc. He aims at universal brotherhood and of a classless society imbued with the spirit of secularism and neutrality. His language is simple lucid and full of human touch. He made many experiments with technique. Besides, his novels also depict a few social problems such as the problem of rehabilitation of the refugees. He wrote a monumental novel named as Tamasa tire (1967) based upon his experiences at Baster and Koraput.

FURTHER WORKS: Novels Palataka (1930), Nispati (1932), Swapna na satya (1933), Duniya ra dau
(1934), Olta palata (1937), Parakiya (1938), Udandi (1939), Pratikhya (1938), Bhalapaibara sesakatha
(1944), Managaharana tale (1946), Milanara chanda (1951), Sarbari (1952), Pari (1954), Bajrabahu
(1959), Tathasthu (1963), Dheop dheoka (1964), Baga baguli (1964), Itiha (1967), Chhutile ghata (1968),Managane papa (1969), Manamanthana (1970), Angana (1971), Kahibakulaja (1973), Ajinuhen audine(1973), Maya barta (1978), Satyabati (1980), Taraka (1980), Short Stories: Epari separi (1946), Antaraya(1947), Chora chahani (1947), Mumantra jane (1968), Swapna (1968), Tarangara tale (1969), Mamatara maya (1972). Poem: Manasi (1932).

Odia Books By Kanhucharan Mohanty

Baliraja
Swapna Na Satya
Parakiya
Olta palata
Pratikhya
Adekha Hata
Satyabati
Mumantra Jane
Shasti

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14 / Aug 2022

Guruprasad Mohanty

Biography of Guruprasad Mohanty

Eminent poet, studied English Literature at Ravenshaw College, Cuttack, and taught in several colleges. Presently he is the Principal of B.J.B. College, Bhubaneswar. He is regarded as a pioneer of modern Odia poetry. Along with Sachi Rautray he virtually launched the Modernist movement in Odia poetry in the early 50’s. His first collection Nutana kabita (1955) came out eight years after Sachi Rautray’s Pandulipi (1947), and the two remain the earliest examples of the effort to change the course of Odia poetry. His only other collection so far is Samudrasnana (1970) which won him the Sahitya
Akademi Award in 1973.

Guruprasad Mohanty

What was so very striking about Natuna kabita was its bold experimentation with the form and technique of verse. Its manner was strange and awkward. Quite deliberately it dispensed with the method of presenting an emotion directly or developing an idea chronologically. It was puzzling. It was not surprising, therefore, that the book met with much hostile criticism. But by 1960 its worth was being recognised by most young aspiring poets. And a decade thence Mohanty’s reputation was firmly established.


Mohanty’s style is modern in its assimilation of several influences, mainly European. For example it is witty and dramatic in the manner of the seventeenth century English Metaphysical poets. It substitutes the musical form for the narrative form, as the nineteenth century French symbolist poetry. Mohanty is a city poet like Alexander Pope. His attitude to life is sophisticated and ironical. At least three of his poems – ‘Gobara Ganesha’ ‘Kalapurusha’ and ‘Akrura ubacha’- are clearly modelled on Eliot’s ‘The Love song of Alfred J. Prufrock,’ ‘The Waste Land,’ and ‘The Journey of the Magi’ respectively.

The themes are similar, and the manner is unmistakably that of Eliot. Their derivativeness notwithstanding tbese poems have been very popular. Few modern Odia poets have composed lines of such evocative charm and beauty. Yet it is the Eliot-connection which has remained an unresolved issue in Mohanty’s poetry. When ‘kalpurusha’ is claimed by some to be a distinctively Odia poem, the validity of its use of the post-War mentality is questioned by others.

The chief appeal of Mohanty’s poems perhaps is in their lyricism, their pictorial quality and their verbal melody. Mohanty is pre-eminently a poet of love. The theme of love runs through the entire gamut of his poetry like a connecting thread. In the early poems love is presented as a gross physical passion and the poet’s attitude to it is ironical.

The experience gives rise to visions of man’s sinfulness and his fear of death. In ‘Kalpurusha’ the decline of love as a value is closely linked with the sickness and sterility of human civilisation in the modern times. His sonnets, some of the best in Odia literature, look at love in the context of time and contemplate it as a means of the soul’s redemption. The last two poems of Samudrasnana – ‘Sidhua’ and ‘Keum ghasa Keum balichara’ -resolve all contradictions in a vision of the timeless beauty of the river Sidhua. The fear of death is rendered unreal and time is transcended through love.

Odia Books By Guruprasad Mohanty

  • Mohana Banshi
  • Samudrasnana
  • Nutana Kabita
  • Kalapurusha
  • Ascharjya Abhisara
  • Alaka Sanyala
  • Dura Simanta Pare
  • Patala Purira Haalchal
  • Bidhyasta Kalika
  • Bharatara Bipanna Prani Samuha
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Gopinath Mohanty
14 / Aug 2022

Gopinatha Mohanty

Gopinatha Mohanty was born in 1914,he celebrated novelist and short story writer received the Jnanpith award in 1964 for his novel Mati matala. He lived mostly in Koraput district, a tribal area of odisha and many of his novels bear testimony to his intimate knowledge of the tribal life.

A visionary at heart, Gopinatha Mahanty, through his writings propagates his ideas about social
amelioration and spiritual regeneration. Amritara santana, Paraja, Dadi Buddha, Apahancha and some other novels successfully capture the rhythm of the tribal lives in all their innocence, sufferings and celebrations. Exploitation by money-lenders and the petty government officials coupled with frequent natural calamities always haunt their existence.

Yet with a supreme faith in life and in its beauty, the innocent tribals untainted by the pernicious influence of modern civilization dance in the lap of primordial nature in a sublime ecstasy of creation. Paraja heralds a new revolutionary awakening when the shrewd money-lender Ramachandra is killed by the exploited tribal. Apahancha carries the message of a social revolution that will cousummate through the spread of education, collective farming and the like.

This theme of a new awakening is further treated in Siba bhai, Mati matala and in many other novels. The tribal setting is perfectly drawn showing him as an intimate observer of the hills and forests, of the wild nature in its ferocity and fascinating beauty and of the poetry that is in their unpretentious living. Nature is endowed with a spiritual character: it is at once the protector and tpe destroyer. The tribals live in an intimate kinship with nature, an eternal mysterious presence that conceals many wonders of creation.

The ideal of community life that Tima announces in Apahancha is treated again in Mati matala. A
monumental work on odisha’s rural life, this novel describes in realistic detail the total transformation of two villages by means of various socio-economic projects and above all by a perfect reciprocity of human relationship. The community spirit that nurtures the root of the tribal existence prompts in this novel a beatific vision of humanity. Tantrikara, another novel of Gopinatha calls for such awakening against the enemy attack.

Harijana is the moving tale of the sorrows and joys of life in a sweepers’ colony. Danapani is a bitter tirade aginst the mad pursuit of material affluence which kills in the process all time-honoured values of life. Through the degeneration of Balidatta, the novelist exposes the ugly insides of the urban life. His other novel, Laya bilaya, written against the backdrop of a family’s short tour of three days to Puri moves to a psychological plane. In Laya bilaya and Rahura chhaya the novelist dives into the depth of human mind.

In all his novels and short stories Gopinatha Mahanty unfolds vistas of human experiences. A staunch
believer in the sunny side of human existence, his writings always convey an unflinching faith in man. In the delineation of village life his novels belong to the rural tradition which has been enriched by Fakir Mohan and Kalandicharan.

For the realistic description in his novels he banks upon the immense wealth of the tribal or rural vocabulary. He understands the delicate nuances of language and is always experiementing with its possibilities. He communicates the intense feel of life through his minute observation and innumerable wordpictures. His writings mark a landmark in odia literature because for the first time he presents a new reality, the reality of tribal existence, hitherto unsung.

Odia Books By Gopinatha Mohanty

Tantrikara
Danapani
Harijana
Tantrikara
Mati matala
Laya bilaya
Rahura Chhaya

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14 / Aug 2022

Bansidhar Mohanty

Bansidhar Mohanty was born in 1924 passed his M.A. in the first class from the Utkal University. He took to teaching and in 1970 became the first Professor of Oriya in the Utkal University. Mohanty is well-known for his scholarship. Besides writing books on the literature of Orissa and her literary traditions he has retrieved many lost manuscripts and published them. Among his works are Orisare Boudha Dharma, Sri Jagannath, Sahitya o samskriti, Abhibhasana, Oria bhashatattwara bhumika, Oria bhashar utapati o kramabikasha, Oria sahityara itihasa (3 Vols.), Orisar adibashi samskriti, and Rasakallola parichaya. Those of his writings are marked by insight and literary flavour.

Odia Books By Bansidhar Mohanty

Orisare Boudha Dharma
Sri Jagannath
Sahitya O Samskriti
Abhibhasana
Oria Sahityara Itihasa
Rasakallola Parichaya

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14 / Aug 2022

Banchanidhi Mohanty

Banchanidhi Mohanty was born in 1897,he was born at Eram near Basudevpur in the district of Balasore. Mohanty is known for his poetry which celebrated the spirit of nationalism and freedom movement in India.His works include Utkal veena first jhankar (1921), Utkal veena second jhankar (1931), and more than a hundred short poems. Orissa Sahitya Akademi compiled and published his works under the title Banchanidhi padyabali in 1963.

Mohanty was a staunch freedom fighter. The dedication to popularise the spirit of freedom through poetry marks a distinctive feature of his work. He was associated with the Salt Movement and the Non-cooperation Movement. His fervent sense of nationalism, his love for simplicity and his honest attempt to reach the core of human heart gave his poetry an immense popularity. At the same time, his poetry reflects the reactions of his countrymen who had been suppressed and oppressed by the tyrannical rule of the British government. Mohanty was known, in the true sense of the term, as a Ganakabi, or people’s poet.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: Nityananda Satapathy, Sabujaru sampratika, (Cuttack; 1979)

Odia Books By Banchanidhi Mohanty

Utkal veena
Maidan
Kuansh
Bhadrak

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14 / Aug 2022

Balakrishna Mohanty

Balakrishna Mohanty was born in 1900,he is the best among the odia opera writers of the present century, was born in the village Palasol in Cuttack District. He studied upto Class IX, married at the age of 17 and devoted himself entirely to music, songs and drama. In 1921, on the Kumarpurnima day, he founded an opera Party called ‘Jayadurga Natyamandali’.

His first opera ‘Vijayavasanta’ which was staged by his own party in the village got wide appreciation. He wrote a number of social musical plays like Sushilamalati,Amaravilasa, Vasantamallika, Nirmalaprabha and etc. alongwith a few mythological works like Banaparajaya, Rukminiparinaya, Khandavadahan and Sri Ramavanagamana etc. All these plays were acted by his own opera party both in and outside odisha and he was widely acclaimed as the best dramatist and the best opera organisor in odisha.

Odia Books By Balakrishna Mohanty

Sushilamalati
Amaravilasa
Banaparajaya
Rukminiparinaya
Vasantamallika
Nirmalaprabha
Kumudakedar

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